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Domestic Waterfowl:
Call Duck Standards
Descriptions of Call Duck Colours |
These
standards are from the British Waterfowl Association call Standards
Review which took place in 2005. The BWA Standards
Committee was led by senior representatives from the cda.
this format [below] uses the template provided by the bRITISH waTERFOWL
aSSOCIATION and USED by the poultry club in waterfowl liaison meetings. these meetings agreed
the standards for the heavy ducks, light ducks and bantam ducks, using
this template.
The CONSISTENT terminology for colour and markings is also IN the agreed
POULTRY CLUB FORMAT
FOR THE LIGHT, HEAVY AND BANTAM DUCKS FOR
2008.
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The photographs show examples of birds exhibited in the UK. They are not definitive.
New photos have been used in the 2008 Standards
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CAll
Classification:
Call
Origin:
Possibly imported from Asia into Holland.
Named
from the Dutch word kooi, meaning ‘cage’ or ‘trap’, decoy
ducks have been used for centuries in Holland and Britain to lure
wild ducks into mesh structures (decoys). Francis Willughby (1678) wrote
that we imitated the Dutch to entrap wild mallards. The early decoy
ducks were in fact little different from mallards, being decoys by
training and performance rather than looks. Two key characteristics led
to their modern development: they had to be highly vocal (hence
‘call’ ducks) to attract the wild ducks, and they had to be small
and thus easy to carry. It was the Dutch decoys that introduced the
characteristics so prized in these birds.
Calls were first
standardized in
Britain
as one of the four breeds of ducks in the Standard of Excellence in
Exhibition Poultry (1865). There were two varieties: the
‘white’ and the ‘grey’, the latter having ‘bill, legs, and
plumage the same as in the
Rouen
’. Tegetmeir (1867) wrote that, like bantam fowl, they differ from
ordinary breeds in their small size. He noted that shape of the head was
also distinctive: ‘they are most esteemed when possessing a full round
forehead, with a broad short bill.’
The origin of these dwarf
characteristics in ducks is not known, although the Dutch artist C. S.
Th. van Gink (1932) suggested that they may have been imported from the
Far East
alongside Japanese bantam fowl. It is believed that Call Ducks became
popular in
Europe
around 1800.
After 1865 Call ducks
were left out of the Poultry Club Standards altogether until they were
mentioned again in 1954, but only as ‘Ornamental Ducks’ alongside
Carolina
and Mandarin ducks, etc. The 1971 edition provided further Standards for
the ‘Decoy’, also in the original colours, ‘white’ and
‘brown’. Despite Harrison Weir’s mention of Calls in blues and
buffs as early as 1902, it took until 1982 for any new colour
descriptions to be included: Pied, Blue Fawn and Silver.
Shape: male and female
Carriage:
Nearly level from breast to stern
Head:
Relatively large.
Round, with a high crown, rising abruptly from the bill. Eyes large,
round and alert, set fairly centrally, the base of the eye in line with
the top of the bill, which is broad and short, maximum length 3.1cm (1¼
inches), set squarely in the head. Full cheeks.
Neck:
Short and thick.
Body:
Small and compact, broad and deep with a full breast. Tail carried
almost level.
Legs
and feet: Legs short, set
midway in the body.
Weights
Drake
0.6–0.7 kg
(1 ¼ –1 ½ lb)
Duck
0.5–0.6 kg
(1–1 ¼ lb)
Scale
of points
Carriage
10
Head, bill and neck
20
Body 20
Legs and feet
5
Condition
10
Colour
20
Size
15
General
Major Defects
(In both sexes and all
varieties)
Thin-bodied, boat-shaped body.
Legs positioned too far back causing breast to tip. Long, slim neck.
Flat crown, oval head or square head showing a flat top. Narrow cheeks,
uneven cheeks e.g. from sinus infection. Long, narrow bill. Oversize.
Long shanks
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Variety
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Colour
Genes
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Mallard
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Wild-colour
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Blue Mallard
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Wild-colour,
single blue dilution (Bl / bl+)
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Apricot
Mallard
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Wild-colour,
double blue dilution (Bl / Bl)
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Silver
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Harlequin
phase, dusky.
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Blue Silver
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Harlequin
phase, dusky, single blue dilution.
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Apricot Silver
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Harlequin
phase, dusky, double blue dilution.
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Mallard Dusky
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Dusky, dark
phase.
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Blue
Dusky *
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Dusky,
dark phase, single blue dilution
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Apricot
Dusky*
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Dusky,
dark phase, double blue dilution.
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Black
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Epistatic,
dominant E / E
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Chocolate*
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Epistatic,
dominant E / E; sex-linked brown dilution (d /[d])
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Bibbed
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Black
with single blue, double blue (lavender) or brown dilution
(chocolate); bibbed gene (S / S); white primaries (w / w).
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Magpie
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Black
(with either blue or brown dilutions); bibbed (S / S) and pied
genes (R / R)
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| Mallard Pied
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Wild-colour
with pied gene (R / R).
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White
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Epistatic,
recessive c / c.
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Yellow
Belly*
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Not fully investigated
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*
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Not included on this page
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Colour
MALLARD
MALE
Head
and Neck:
Black with
green lustre on the head and upper neck; a distinct white collar
almost encircling the neck. Eyes: Dark brown. Bill:
Green, dark bean.
Back: Dark grey
shading to greenish black over the rump.
Breast: Rich claret
with no white fringing; margin of claret clearly defined.
Flanks etc. Light
grey with dark grey stippling.
Tail: Medium dull
brown, paler outer
feathers; coverts and
undertail black
Wings: Primaries and
tertials grey. Speculum blue tipped by black then white. Coverts
brownish grey except for greater coverts which are tipped with
white then black. Main scapulars clear steel grey, outer edge bronze tinge.
Cream/white underwing
Legs: Dull orange,
darker webs.
MALLARD
FEMALE
Head
and Neck:Golden brown,
each feather with darker brown graining. This graining forms a
darker band from the crown down the back of the neck. Eyes: Brown.
Faint eye stripes i.e. a paler line above the eye, a dark line
through the eye and a pale line in front of the eye. Bill: Dark orange with brown saddle. Plain brown throat.
Back: Brown or
chestnut with darker pencilling (chevrons).
Breast and flanks: Brown or
chestnut with dark brown pencilling on each feather. Underbody
similar.
Tail: Dull dark
buff, irregularly marked with brown; darker tail feathers in the
centre than the outer edges.
Wings: Primaries
brownish slate. Speculum and greater coverts as drake.
Tertials browner than primaries on exposed half.
Smaller coverts same colour as back. Scapulars similar to the Rouen. Cream/white underwing.
Legs: Dull orange,
darker webs.
Disqualifications
Male: Absence
of neck ring. Unbroken neck ring. Claret on flank feathers.
Completely white stern.
Female: Presence
of white collar. Lack both of eye stripes and graining on the
crown.
Both: White
primaries. Incomplete or obscure speculum. Pied markings on the head and
neck
Major Faults
Male: Yellow
or blue bill. White fringing on bib feathers.
Female: Unclear
pencilling on scapulars and back. Pale throat and eye markings.
Both: White
feathers under the bill, under the throat or under the tail.
Indistinct speculum and greater covert markings.
Minor faults
Male: Black
marks on bill. Lack of black undertail.
Female:
Dark
ground colour.
Both: Very
pale outer tail feathers.
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BLUE
MALLARD
[Blue fawn]
MALE
Head
and Neck:
Charcoal
blue on the head and upper neck; a white collar almost encircling
the neck. Eyes: Brown. Bill: Green, dark bean.
Back:
Body
feathers blue-grey shading to dark blue-grey at the rump.
Breast: Rich
claret with no white fringing; margin of claret clearly defined.
Flanks etc.
Light
grey with grey stippling.
Tail: Darker
blue-grey in the centre, paler outer feathers. Dark blue-grey
undertail.
Wings:
Primaries
smoke grey; secondaries (speculum) matt charcoal blue, tipped
with white. Tertials blue-grey, bronze on the outer part. Coverts
blue-grey, except for greater coverts which are tipped with whitish grey
then dark grey. Scapulars
smoke grey, darker at outer edge. Cream/white underwing.
Legs: Orange
BLUE
MALLARD
[Blue fawn]
FEMALE
Head
and Neck:Fawn
with darker band of blue-grey graining on the crown and neck.
Eyes: Brown. Faint eye stripes as in the Mallard Call. Bill:
Brown or with dark saddle, variable in extent. Pale fawn throat
Back: Mainly
blue with distinct but fine fawn edging, becoming finer on the
larger feathers
Breast and flanks:
Fawn,
each feather flecked or pencilled with blue-grey. Underbody
similar.
Tail: Blue-grey
with fawn tinge; paler outer feathers.
Wings:
Primaries,
secondaries and greater coverts as drake. Minor coverts blue-grey edged
with fawn. Scapulars as back.
Cream/white underwing.
Legs: Orange,
slightly darker webs.
Disqualifications
Male: Absence
of neck ring. Unbroken neck ring. Claret on flank feathers.
Completely white stern.
Female: Presence
of white collar.
Lack both of eye stripes and graining on the crown.
Both: White
primaries.
Pied markings on the head and neck.
Major Faults
Male: Yellow
or blue bill. White fringing on bib feathers.
Female: Broad
fawn edging, reducing the blue on the back feathers.
Pale
throat and eye markings.
Both: White
feathers under the bill, under the throat or under the tail.
Minor faults
Male: Black
marks on bill. Lack of blue undertail.
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APRICOT
MALLARD
[Apricot] MALE
Head
and Neck: Pigeon
blue (blue-grey) on the head and upper neck; a white collar almost
encircling the neck. Eyes: Brown.
Bill: Light green, dark bean.
Back: Light
grey feathers with darker edge, shading to blue-grey at the rump.
Breast: Claret
with no white fringing; margin of claret clearly defined.
Flanks etc. Very
light grey feathers with apricot-grey stippling.
Tail: Light
grey, central feathers darker than outer. Blue grey undertail.
Wings: Primaries and coverts light pearl grey with apricot tinge;
secondaries (speculum) darker pearl grey tipped with whitish grey.
Tertials grey, apricot tinge on outer part. Greater coverts tipped
with whitish grey then darker grey. Scapulars grey, edged with pale brown.
Cream/white underwing.
Legs: Orange.
APRICOT
MALLARD
[Apricot] FEMALE
Head
and Neck:
Apricot
with darker band of pale blue-grey graining on crown and neck.
Eyes: Brown. Faint eye stripes as in the Mallard Call. Bill:
Light brown with dark
saddle.
Back: Light
grey feathers edged with apricot.
Breast and flanks: Rich
apricot. Underbody similar.
Tail: Apricot-grey.
Wings: Primaries,
secondaries and greater coverts as drake.
Minor coverts
light grey edged with apricot. Scapulars grey, edged or tinged
with apricot. Cream/white underwing.
Legs: Orange.
Disqualifications
Male: Absence
of neck ring. Unbroken neck ring. Claret on flank feathers.
Completely white stern.
Female: Presence
of white collar. Lack both of eye stripes and graining on the
crown.
Both: White
primaries. Pied markings on the head and neck.
Major Faults
Male: Yellow
bill. White fringing on bib feathers.
Female: Broad
or no apricot edging on the back feathers. Pale throat and eye
markings.
Both: White
feathers under the bill, under the throat or under the tail.
Minor faults
Male:
Black
marks on bill. Lack of blue undertail.
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SILVER
MALE
Head
and Neck: Black
with green lustre on the head and upper neck. Distinct white
collar completely encircling the neck. Lower neck coloured as for
breast. Eyes: Brown.
Bill: Green with black bean.
Back: Upper
back: white feathers finely stippled with black. Lower down the
back the stippling becomes heavier until solid black with green
lustre on the rump.
Breast: Claret
with each feather fringed with white. Claret split by more white on the
lower breast.
Flanks etc. Light
claret feathers along the upper flank, each feather edged with
white. Lower flanks and underbody white.
Tail: Paler
outer feathers; central feathers darker, each feather having a
grey centre and paler off-white edging. Undertail black with
slight green lustre.
Wings: Primaries
off-white, marked with dark grey,
more so on the outer edge and tip. Speculum iridescent blue
with black then white band on the secondaries. Greater coverts
grey with white rims. Tertials grey stipple with browner outer
edge. Scapulars grey stipple; outer scapulars claret with white
rims. Cream/white underwing
Legs: Orange
SILVER FEMALE
Head
and Neck:
Fawn
to cream hood with dark graining on the crown. No eye stripes.
Eyes: Brown.
Bill: Light orange-brown with rich brown saddle. Black bean.
Back: White
feathers with central dark streak; black and fawn stippling;
markings heaviest towards the rump.
Breast and flanks: Fawn
mottling on upper breast. Flanks and underbody mainly white.
Tail: Feathers
white with central dark streak and fawn and black stippling.
Wings:
Primary
feathers almost white, dark stippling on the outer edges and tips.
Speculum iridescent blue with black then white band on the
secondaries. Greater coverts dark with white rims. Lightly mottled
smaller coverts. Marginal coverts white. Cream/white underwing.
Legs: Orange.
Disqualifications
Male: Absence
of neck ring. Incomplete neck ring. Pied markings on the head and
neck. Dark stippling on flanks and belly.
Female: Any
indication of eye stripes. Buff ground colour to the body heavily
pencilled with brown.
Both: Clear
white primaries.
Major Faults
Male: White
under the bill. Claret breast and flank colour extending low on to
the body, or lacking in white fringing.
Blue
bill.
Female: Lack
of cream or fawn ground colour to the head and upper neck. Lack of
any graining on the head.
Both: Lack
of speculum. Ill-defined markings on greater coverts.
Minor faults
Male: Light
streaks in the undertail.
Female: Heavy
dark graining on crown and neck.
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BLUE
SILVER MALE
Head
and Neck: Charcoal
blue on the head and upper neck. Distinct white collar completely
encircling the neck. Lower neck coloured as for breast. Eyes:
Brown. Bill: Green with dark bean.
Back:
Upper
back: white feathers finely stippled with blue grey. Lower down
the back the stippling becomes heavier until solid charcoal blue
on the rump.
Breast: Claret
with each feather fringed with white. Claret split by more white
on the lower breast.
Flanks etc. Light
claret feathers along the upper flank, each feather edged with
white. Lower flanks and underbody white.
Tail: Paler
outer feathers; central feathers darker, each feather having a
blue-grey centre and paler off-white edging. Undertail dark
blue-grey.
Wings: Primaries
off-white, marked with blue grey, more so on the outer edge and
tip. Speculum charcoal blue with white band on the secondaries.
Greater coverts grey with white rims. Tertials grey stipple with
browner outer edge. Scapulars grey stipple; outer scapulars claret
with white rims. Cream/white underwing.
Legs: Legs
and webs dull orange.
BLUE
SILVER FEMALE
Head
and Neck:
Fawn
to cream hood with charcoal blue graining on the crown. No eye
stripes. Eyes: Brown. Bill: Light orange-brown with rich brown
saddle. Dark Bean.
Back: White
feathers with central grey streak; blue grey and fawn stippling;
markings heaviest towards the rump.
Breast and flanks: Fawn
mottling on upper breast. Flanks and underbody mainly white.
Tail: Feathers
white with central blue grey streak and fawn and grey stippling.
Wings: Primary
feathers almost white, blue-grey stippling on the outer edges and
tips. Speculum charcoal blue with white band on the secondaries.
Greater coverts grey with white rims. Lightly mottled smaller
coverts. Marginal coverts white. Cream/white underwing.
Legs: Orange.
Disqualifications
Male: Absence
of neck ring. Incomplete neck ring. Pied markings on the head and
neck. Dark stippling on flanks and belly.
Female: Any
indication of eye stripes. Buff ground colour to the body heavily
pencilled with brown
Both: Clear
white primaries.
Major Faults
Male: White
under the bill. Claret breast and flank colour extending low on to
the body, or lacking in white fringing.
Blue
bill.
Female: Lack
of cream or fawn ground colour to the head and upper neck. Lack of
any graining on the head.
Both: Lack
of speculum. Ill-defined markings on greater coverts.
Minor faults
Male:
Light
streaks in the undertail.
Female: Heavy
dark graining on crown and neck.
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APRICOT
SILVER MALE
Head
and Neck: Pigeon
blue (blue-grey) on the head and upper neck. Distinct white collar
completely encircling the neck. Lower neck coloured as for breast.
Eyes: Brown. Bill: Green with dark bean.
Back: Upper
back: white feathers finely stippled with light blue grey. Lower
down the back the stippling becomes heavier until solid pigeon
blue on the rump.
Breast: Claret
with each feather fringed with white. Claret split by more white
on the lower breast.
Flanks etc. Light
claret feathers along the upper flank, each feather edged with
white. Lower flanks and underbody white.
Tail: Paler
outer feathers; central feathers darker, each feather having a
light blue-grey centre and paler off-white edging. Undertail
pigeon blue
Wings: Primaries
off-white, marked with light blue grey, more so on the outer edge
and tip. Speculum dark pearl grey with white band on the
secondaries. Greater coverts pale grey with white rims. Tertials
light grey stipple with browner outer edge. Scapulars grey
stipple; outer scapulars claret with white rims. Cream/white
underwing.
Legs: Orange
APRICOT
SILVER FEMALE
Head
and Neck:
Fawn
to cream hood with faint graining on the crown. No eye stripes.
Eyes: Brown. Bill: Light orange-brown with faint brown saddle and
light horn coloured bean.
Back:
White
feathers with pale grey and fawn stippling.
Breast and flanks: Apricot
mottling on upper breast. Flanks and underbody mainly white.
Tail: Feathers
white with pale fawn centre.
Wings: Primary
feathers almost white. Speculum pearl grey with white band on the
secondaries. Greater coverts pearl grey with white rims. Lightly
mottled smaller coverts. Marginal coverts white. Cream/white
underwing.
Legs: Orange
Disqualifications
Male: Absence
of neck ring. Incomplete neck ring. Pied markings on the head and
neck. Dark stippling on flanks and belly.
Female: Any
indication of eye stripes. Buff ground colour to the body heavily
pencilled with brown.
Both: Clear
white primaries.
Major Faults
Male: White
under the bill. Claret breast and flank colour extending low on to
the body, or lacking in white fringing.
Blue
bill.
Female: Lack
of cream or fawn ground colour to the head and upper neck.
Both: Lack
of speculum.
Minor faults
Male:
Light
streaks in the undertail.
Female: Lack
of any graining on crown and neck.
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MALLARD DUSKY MALE
Head
and Neck: Black
with green lustre on the head and upper neck. Eyes: Dark brown.
Bill: green, dark bean. No white collar.
Back: Dark
grey-brown, shading to greenish black over the rump.
Breast: As
flank feathers; no claret bib.
Flanks etc. Light
grey, each feather finely stippled (pencilled, like the Dark
Campbell) with dark grey.
Tail: Grey-brown,
paler outer feathers; coverts and undertail greenish black.
Wings: Primaries
grey-brown. Secondaries: (speculum) sooty grey with slight
iridescence only, tipped with
fine whitish-grey line. Tertials grey-brown. Minor coverts
grey-brown; secondary coverts tipped with white then fine black
line. Scapulars slightly darker than Mallard, brown edged.
Underwing coverts pearly grey-blue; axillars pale brown-grey.
Legs: Legs
and webs dull orange.
MALLARD DUSKY FEMALE
Head
and Neck:
Brown,
with darker graining. No eye stripes.
Eyes: Dark brown. Bill: Dull grey-brown with dark bean and
saddle.
Back: Brown,
with darker pencilling (chevrons).
Breast and flanks: Brown,
with dark brown pencilling on each feather. Underbody similar.
Tail: Dull
dark buff, irregularly marked with brown; darker tail feathers in
the centre than the outer edges.
Wings: Primaries,
secondaries and tertials dull brown. Slight iridescence only on
sooty grey secondaries, tipped with faint whitish-grey line. Minor
coverts brown-grey; secondary coverts tipped with white forming a
bar above the secondaries.
Underwing coverts and axillars as drake.
Legs:
Dull
orange with darker webs.
Disqualifications
Male: Any
indication of claret bib. During eclipse: any sign of eye
stripes.
Female: Any
evidence of eye stripes.
Both: White
neck ring. Cream or white axillars and under wing coverts. White
primary feathers. Iridescent blue speculum.
Blue
eyes.
Minor faults
Male: Lack
of black undertail.
Both: White
feathers under the bill.
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| BLUE
DUSKY
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| APRICOT DUSKY
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| KHAKI
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BIBBED
MALE
Head
and Neck:
Black,
blue, lavender or chocolate—a shade darker than the body. Bill: Olive
Back: Black,
laced blue, lavender or chocolate
Breast and flanks: Black,
laced blue, lavender or chocolate with white bib. Bib: As even as
possible, ideally a tear drop shape extending from the lower neck to the
upper breast.
Tail: Black,
laced blue, lavender or chocolate.
Wings: Wings
same as body colour except for two white outer primaries on each
wing.
Legs: Dusky
orange shaded irregularly with greyish black. BIBBED FEMALE
Head
and Neck:
Black,
blue, lavender or chocolate. Bill: black
Back: Black,
laced blue, lavender or chocolate.
Breast and flanks: Black,
laced blue, lavender or chocolate with white bibs. Bib: As even as
possible, ideally a tear drop shape extending from the lower neck to the
upper breast.
Tail: Black,
laced blue, lavender or chocolate.
Wings: Same as body colour except for two white outer primaries on each
wing.
Legs: Dusky
orange shaded irregularly with greyish black. Darker than the
drake
Major Faults
Both: Small,
uneven or large bib extending around the bill and on to the belly.
Russet
tinge in the plumage.
Lack
of white primaries.
Minor faults
Both: Ragged
edges to the bib. White line through the eye. Incorrect number of
white primaries.
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MAGPIE
(Black, Blue and
Chocolate)
MALE
Head
and Neck: White
surmounted by black, blue or chocolate cap covering the whole of
the crown to the top of the eyes. Eyes: dark grey or dark brown.
Bill: preferably yellow, though spotted with green on older
drakes.
Back: Solid
black, blue or chocolate from shoulders to the tip of the tail.
Breast: White.
Flanks etc. White.
Tail: Black,
blue or chocolate
Wings: White
primary and secondary feathers.
Scapulars
black, blue or chocolate, producing a heart-shaped mantle, which
should be sharp, clearly defined and symmetrical in outline.
Legs: Legs
and webs: Dusky orange shaded irregularly with greyish black.
MAGPIE
(Black, Blue and
Chocolate)
FEMALE
Head
and Neck: White
surmounted by black, blue or chocolate cap covering the whole of
the crown to the top of the eyes. Eyes: dark grey or dark brown.
Bill: preferably yellow, though spotted with grey-green on older
ducks.
Back:
Solid
black, blue or chocolate from shoulders to the tip of the tail.
Breast and flanks: White.
Tail:
Black,
blue or chocolate.
Wings: White
primary and secondary feathers.
Scapulars
black, blue or chocolate, producing a heart-shaped mantle, which
should be sharp, clearly defined and symmetrical in outline.
Legs: Legs
and webs dusky orange shaded irregularly with greyish black.
Major Faults
Both: Absence
of cap or back markings. Asymmetry of markings. White feathers in
the tail. Additional markings other than stated, especially on the
face. Light edging on black plumage. Body more than 50% black, or
more than 80% white.
Minor faults
Both: Cream
bill
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MALLARD PIED MALE
Head
and Neck:
Cap
and cheek markings black with green lustre. The cap is separated
from the cheek markings by a projection from the white of the neck
extending up to the eye. The cap should cleanly and smoothly
encircle the head. The face markings should not extend below the
cheek contour. The bill is divided from the head markings by a
narrow band of white. The middle and upper neck is pure white and
the meeting with the body colour is clean cut. Eyes: Brown or
blue. Bill: yellow green, dark bean.
Back:
Dark
grey shading to black with a green lustre over the rump.
Breast:
Rich
claret with no white fringing; margin of claret and chest colour
clearly defined.
Flanks etc.
Light
grey with dark grey stippling. The thorax colour should meet the
white of the abdomen in a clean line (near the bottom of the
breast bone and the top of the thighs). The white extends between
the legs to beyond the vent, and also includes the thigh coverts
Tail: White
and light grey with dark grey stippling.
Wings: Primaries,
secondaries and tertials predominantly white. Scapulars and some
of the wing coverts brown and grey, giving a heart shape.
Cream/white underwing.
Legs: Orange.
MALLARD PIED FEMALE
Head
and Neck:White
markings as drake.
Coloured
plumage golden brown, each feather with darker brown graining.
This graining forms a darker band over the crown. Residual eye
stripes as in Mallard. Eyes:
Brown or blue. Bill: Orange-yellow with brown saddle and dark
bean.
Back: Brown
or chestnut with darker pencilling (chevrons).
Breast and flanks: Brown
or chestnut with dark brown pencilling on each feather. White body
markings as drake.
Tail:
White
and dull dark buff, irregularly marked with brown; darker tail
feathers in the centre than the outer edges.
Wings:
Primaries,
secondaries and tertials predominantly white. Scapulars and some
of the wing coverts similar to the
Rouen, giving a heart shape. Cream/white underwing.
Legs: Orange
Disqualifications
Male: Claret
on flank feathers.
Major Faults
Female: Lack
of eye stripes.
Both: Asymmetry
of markings. Insufficient white plumage.
Minor faults
Male: Lack
of black undertail.
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WHITE MALE
Head
and Neck:
Plumage:
Pure white. Eyes: Leaden blue (appear dark). Bill: Bright
orange-yellow.
WHITE FEMALE
Head
and Neck:
Plumage:
Pure white. Eyes: Leaden blue (appear dark). Bill: Bright
orange-yellow.
Back,
breast, flanks, tail and wings:
Pure white.
Legs: Bright orange
Disqualifications
Male: Any
black on the bill.
Major Faults
Both: Any
black plumage in the mature bird.
Minor faults
Dark
specks on the bill (with age).
Both:
Elements
of black plumage on a young bird.
YELLOW BELLY
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